The information given here will serve like a guide for the non-technical users. You may or may not be the MySQL expert, once you understand the ‘dynamic’ SQL passing tests, it will help you to analyze the queries and isolate them. Once you have isolated the queries, you can consult with a MySQL expert to fix them.

The MySQL hosting plans can show the complete logs of those queries that are taking a lot of time. The time calculated is by X seconds of time out but this future is not turned on by default. When ever a query is related to the performance with the problems creep in, such users are at the loss because as there is no magical solution for the slow queries as none of the case is unique. Here’s how you turn it on:

Step 1:- First of all login to your web hosting server as root privilege.
Step 2:- As soon as you get into your server open the my.cnf with any of the editor you have. Example:
——————–
pico /etc/my.cnf
——————–

Step 3:- Check Into the [mysqld] section and add the following lines into it.
———————————————————————-
log-slow-queries = /var/log/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 3
———————————————————————-

This is just an example for the issue that we are discussing. At that location you will find multiple user as well as file name that you wanted to modify.

In this example
I will be logging to /var/log/mysql-slow.log any queries that are taking longer then 3 seconds.

Step  4:- Once the above mentiobned process is complete, you can go ahead to save the configuration.

For pico: CTRL+X and YES

Step 5:- Now the log file has to be created.

touch /var/log/mysql-slow.log

Step 6:- Once the owner of the mysql file is changed, it will be easier to write to it. The file can be updated after that.
—————————————–
chown mysql.root /var/log/mysql-slow.log
—————————————–
Step 7:- The most important thing we have to do is to restart the complete mysql.

service mysql restart

It should restart successfully. If it doesn’t check that you didn’t brake my.cnf

Step 8:- As the server gets restarted you will have to wait for sometime. You will also have to examine the slow queries log. Here is an example about how you can do it:
——————————-
cat /var/log/mysql-slow.log
tail /var/log/mysql-slow.log
tail -50 /var/log/mysql-slow.log
——————————–

Once you have identified the exact MySql query that takes a long time for execution; you can wither optimize the query or remove it. You can test the results by checking the server load and the MySQL slow queries log. Once you have fixed all the problems, go ahead and fix the slow queries as it will slow your server. my.cnf should now look similar to this:
————————————————————-
#log-slow-queries = /var/log/mysql-slow.log
#long_query_time = 3
————————————————————-

The process mentioned above will help you to fix the slow MySQL issue.

When you run this code, you will notice that it freezes until all the websites have been completed. At this point, it is important to access all the return data at once. The following figure illustrates the workflow of this script.

Returning the newly downloaded data as it becomes available is a much better solution. Of course, it is also possible to hard-code the required functionality in the downloadFromSites() function, however doing so will make it very difficult to reuse the code and use the returned data in a different way according to the requirements. The diagram given below shows the workflow of the previous function modified for using the callbacks. In this scenario, the callback function is called every time a single website completes downloading.

Using callbacks becomes very simple with PHP as it also uses the helper functions – is_called() and call_user_func(). There are mainly 3 types of callbacks that can be used:

1. A standard PHP function. This is passed as a string such as 'callbackName'

2. A static method of a class. This is passed as an array along with the the class name as the first element and the method name as the second argument. For example, array('MyClass', 'MyCallback')

3. A method of an object. This is also passed as an array, but instead of the class name being the first element, the object is the first element. For example, array($obj, 'MyCallback')

The listing mentioned below illustrates the process of defining all types of callbacks and then the process of referencing each one of them.

In order to test if a callback can be used you can use the is_callable() function. This function accepts the callback as its only argument and returns true if it is a valid callback. It is then possible for you to call the with the call_user_func(). The callback is passed as the first argument, and if any arguments are accepted by the callback function; they can be included as second and subsequent arguments. The code mentioned below demonstrates how this can be typically used. This code ensures a callback can be called, then calls it with a single argument. This script outputs Hello.

Returning to our previous example, it is now possible to alter the downloadFromSites()function so it accepts a callback as the second argument. Therefore now along with returning all of the data once all websites have been processed, the callback will be called after each website is processed. The callback will accept the website name as its first argument and the downloaded data as the second argument.

When you run this code, you will see that the “finished downloading” message is displayed as each website is completed.

As every one knows that the database consists of multiple tables, and it is in the tables that database information is recorded. In the blue screen, below any databases you have, it will list any tables in those databases. You can see the database name on the left hand side, the right hand screen opens up with information about that the tables contained in that database, as well as giving you the option of performing several actions. In that section, you will be allowed to perform several actions on each individual table. You can Browse a table to see the individual records. You can see the Structure of a table, and perform certain actions. You can Search for specific keywords in a table. You can easily update such as insert, delete, add, new rows (or fields) in the table. You can delete the contents of a table by clicking on the big red X, you can also delete the complete table.

There are multiple lists of action links at top of the window, you can get into and click on the link structure in the upper left corner to view the database structure. The next link is SQL, and it will open a SQL Query window for entering direct queries to the database. The next link is Search, you can click on it to perform a search. The following link is Query, which also opens a SQL Query window, but provides an easier step-by-step way to make queries. The next link is Export, which you can use to export databases to your local computer. The Import link will import previously exported databases. The Operations link can do a number of other operations, like creating new tables, and copying or renaming databases.

Whenever you return back to the blue section and click on a table name tab, the other screen will now display you the  complete structure of the database table. It will list all the tables fields, along with the type of field, attributes, and other properties. If you scroll down, it will tell you which field is the Primary Key field. It provides lots of other information about the table, and has the same action links at the top of the screen that the database did. In the blue screen, right below the phpMyAdmin name, there is a row of icons. If your want further help with SQL you can click the icon that is for Documentation. It is a box, with SQL inside it. The box with the question mark will get you assistance with phpMyAdmin by clicking on it. The middle box, with the red SQL is another way of opening the SQL Query window. The icon with the Exit and arrow will log you out of phpMyAdmin. Clicking on the house returns you to the main screen.

1) If a user is getting any of the following error in the php myadmin
——————————————————————–
Error: mysql_fetch_array (): supplied argument is not a valid MySQL result resource in /usr/local/cpanel/base/3rdparty/phpMyAdmin/libraries/dbi/mysql.dbi.lib.php on line 118 anxiety_bvlt1
Solution –> The Database Name: anxiety_bvlt1

a] You have to first check the ownership or the permissions of that perticular database anxiety_bvlt1 in /var/lib/mysql. The ownership should be mysql.mysql and the permission of the folder anxiety_bvlt1 should be 700.
b] The /tmp partition on the server should not be full.

2) Error: You have exceeded the maximum allowed connections.
—————————————————————
a] You must use mysql_connect() instead of mysql_pconnect() as mysql_pconnect() creates persistent connections even when not required causing that error to show up. Please replace mysql_connect() instead of mysql_pconnect() and that will fix your issue.
b] Restart the mysql service on the server.

3) Error: Unable to connect to database ! MySQL said: Access denied for user: ‘rads_copp@localhost’ (Using password: YES)
—————————————————————————————————————-
Find the file that has mysql connections set for the installed software. Generally it is a file named config.php or config.inc.php or db.php.
The configuration should be as follows-
$CONFIG['dbserver'] = ‘localhost’; // Your database server
$CONFIG['dbuser'] = ‘rads_copp1′; // Your mysql username prefixed with cpanel username
$CONFIG['dbpass'] = ‘mRPlqjnrc9bC’; // Your mysql password
$CONFIG['dbname'] = ‘rads_copp1′; // Your mysql database name prefixed with cpanel username

In case the above settings are correct then try resetting the password of the MySQL user from root whm > SQL mysql > “Change a User or Database Password”.

4) Accessing the Database remotely
———————————–
a] Use the following settings –
Server Name = IP of the server or domain name
Username = Mysql username
Password = Mysql password
Database = Database name

b] Add ‘%’ sign (without quotes) in cpanel > mysql > access hosts.

1) Login into your control panel and refer the Error log section.

2) Follow this path :- RAILS_APP/log/

Genrally you will get more appropriate information if you refer rails log directory. There are different files which are stored in there and it will depend upon the mode that you selected while you logged in. While using FastCGI wrapper, fastcgi.crash.log is needed. While regular CGI, it’s a type of log between many others, depending on the mode you’re in. Genral errors are incorrect database settings and bugs in your code.

In order to overcome the error without modifying the server side php.ini file, you need to use the ini_set functionto increase the memory limit inserting the following code in the php file itself. Keep on increasing the memory limit unless the error disappears.

ini_set(”memory_limit”,”64M”);

Its mostly used to create SPF record for a particular domain name so that you will not receive any bounce back emails that are not sent by you. The SPF record can be setup and managed for the respective domain name from
cPanel -> Email Authentication..

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